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The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) founded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee is an international consortium regarded as the main international standards organization for World Wide Web where member organizations maintaining full-time staff join efforts to come up with web standards. Its mission is to pave the way for the World Wide Web to optimize its full potential by formulating protocols and guidelines that guarantee long-term growth for the web. This consortium engages in education and outreach activities, develops software, and serves as an open forum for the exchanging of ideas and opinions about the web. It has published more than 100 web standards called W3C Recommendation.

The Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML) is a family of current and future document types and modules that are XML conforming and are designed to function in conjunction with XML-based user agents. The XHTML documents are readily viewed, edited and validated with standard XML tools. This family of document types is another step forward in the Internet development. Through it, the content developers can enter the XML environment with all of its attendant benefits while maintaining confidence in the previous and future modes of compatibility of their contents.

The Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language describing the appearance and formatting or the presentation semantics of a document written in a markup language applicable to any kind of XML document. This primarily enables the separation of document content from document presentation including elements such as the layout, colors, and fonts to improve content accessibility, to provide more flexibility and control in the particular presentation characteristics, to allow tableless web design and formatting to be shared by multiple pages. The CSS specifications are maintained by the W3C.